FORVM aMS Islamic Ottoman Tripolitania Mahmud II Billon 20 Para 29mm Very Rare

Description

Islamic, Ottoman Empire, Tripolitania, Mahmud II, 1808 - 1839
Tripoli fell to the Ottoman Turks in 1551 and remained in their hands until it was occupied by the Italians in 1911. Under Ottoman rule, Barbary pirates from North Africa demanded tribute, and if refused, captured ships and cargo, enslaved and ransomed crew members, and even raided cities across the Mediterranean Sea. In the first Barbary War, Thomas Jefferson sent a US Naval fleet which bombarded numerous fortified cities in present-day Libya, Tunisia, and Algeria, ultimately extracting concessions of safe conduct from the Barbary states. Encouraged by Great Britain, piracy resumed during the War of 1812. In 1815, James Madison dispatched military forces against the Barbary states. Lasting only 3 days, the Second Barbary War ended further tributes by the US and significantly reduced piracy in the region. This coin was struck under the local Pasha Yusuf Pasha Qaramanli (ruled Tripolitania, 1796 - 1833).
IS97944. Billon 20 para, references: SCWC Libya KM168 (type B, with flower, without stars), Jem Sultan -; condition: aMS, near full silvering, some weakness in center, mint: Tarabulus Gharb (Tripoli, Libya), weight: 5.133g, maximum diameter: 29.2mm, die axis: 0
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, date struck: third standard, 1822 A.D.; obverse Arabic tungra, straight based: Mahmud, Lord, son of Abdul Hamid, the Ever Victorious; flower upper right; Arabic inscription in three lines below: struck in / Tripoli of the West / 1223 (accession year), boarder of beads outside of a linear circle; reverse , Arabic inscription in four lines: Sultan of the two lands and Lord of the two seas, the Sultan son of the sultan, 15 (regnal year) in the 3rd line on left; boarder of beads outside of a linear circle;
very rare
, 0
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